What is battery protection in a BMS?

Therefore, an imperative element of battery protection in a BMS can be made by temperature protection which is facilitated by exact sensing, effective protection circuits, and proactive temperature handling techniques.

What is the working principle of BMS for overcurrent protection?

The following is the working principle of BMS for overcurrent protection: 1. Current monitoring: The BMS employs current sensors for actively monitoring the real-time current within the battery pack. These sensors are typically constructed based on the principle of current Hall effect or resistance.

What happens if a BMS overcurrents a battery?

a. Current disconnect: One of the most common responses to an overcurrent is to disconnect the battery charging or discharging circuits. The BMS can quickly stop the flow of current by disconnecting the associated relay or transistor.

What are the protection mechanisms used in a BMS?

Multiple protection mechanisms are deployed in a BMS to reduce the challenges linked with over-current scenarios. Fuses, circuit breakers, and current-limiting circuits are vital among these mechanisms. Discontinuing the electrical path and averting huge current flow, fuses are made to ‘blow’ or become open-circuit under over-current scenarios.

What happens if a BMS battery is undervoltage?

To avoid further discharge, the BMS will frequently disconnect the load in case of undervoltage. In some use cases, before the disconnection happens, a warning of low battery condition is issued to the user. Battery functioning outside its prescribed range can largely decrease its life.

How does a PCM protect a battery from over-discharge?

Over-discharging can significantly reduce a battery’s capacity, lowering the voltage below safe levels (typically around 2.7V for lithium-ion cells). PCMs prevent over-discharge by cutting off the circuit when the voltage drops too low, preserving the battery’s health and prolonging its operational life.